German for Beginners Grade 3 Unit 3
🛠️ DIE GRAMMATIK-WERKSTATT | Grammar Workshop
🇩🇪 German for Beginners — Grade 3 · Unit 3
📘 Theme: “Zahlen und Alter” (Numbers and Age — From 20 to 50)
💡 Teacher’s Note: The German logic of numbers after 20 (units first, then tens) can confuse children. This should be explained not with formulas, but with a rhythmic chant using color coding: 🟢 green for units, 🔵 blue for tens.
🎯 Unit 3 — Learning Objectives
By the end of Unit 3, students will be able to:
- Count from 20 to 50 in German
- Understand the reversed number order (units + und + tens)
- Ask and say other people’s ages (er / sie)
- Use possessive pronouns dein / deine
- Distinguish the endings -zig and -ßig (dreißig)
- Spell a phone number digit by digit
- Play the game “Die Kette der Zahlen” (The Number Chain)
🔄 A) The Logic of Numbers After 20
In German, numbers from 21 to 50 are built backwards compared to English: first the units, then the conjunction und (and), and finally the tens.
🧩 Formula: [Units] + und + [Tens]
🟢🔵 1 + 20 ➔ ein + und + zwanzig = einundzwanzig (21)
🟢🔵 2 + 20 ➔ zwei + und + zwanzig = zweiundzwanzig (22)
🟢🔵 3 + 30 ➔ drei + und + dreißig = dreiunddreißig (33)
⚠️ Little tip: In the numbers 21, 31, 41, the final -s of the word eins drops off and only ein remains.
👥 B) Asking and Saying a Third Person’s Age (er / sie)
When we talk about other people’s ages, the possessive pronouns (dein / deine) and personal pronouns (er / sie) change depending on the person’s gender.
🔵 For boys / men (der Bruder) → dein and er:
- Wie alt ist dein Bruder? — How old is your brother?
- Er ist acht Jahre alt. — He is eight years old.
🔴 For girls / women (die Schwester) → deine and sie:
- Wie alt ist deine Schwester? — How old is your sister?
- Sie ist dreiunddreißig Jahre alt. — She is thirty-three years old.
🔢 1. DIE ZAHLEN UND DIE AUSSPRACHE | Numbers and Pronunciation
📊 Round Tens (Die Zehnerzahlen)
| 🔢 Number | 📝 German Spelling | 🗣️ Pronunciation | ⚠️ What to Notice |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | zwanzig | [tsvan-tsikh] | Ends in -zig |
| 30 | dreißig | [dry-sikh] | 🟥 Ends in -ßig, not -zig! |
| 40 | vierzig | [feer-tsikh] | Ends in -zig |
| 50 | fünfzig | [fuenf-tsikh] | Ends in -zig |
📊 In-Between Numbers (Die Zahlen dazwischen)
| 🔢 Number | 📝 German Spelling | 🗣️ Pronunciation | 🇬🇧 Word-for-Word Logic |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | einundzwanzig | [ine-oont-tsvan-tsikh] | one and twenty |
| 22 | zweiundzwanzig | [tsvai-oont-tsvan-tsikh] | two and twenty |
| 33 | dreiunddreißig | [dry-oont-dry-sikh] | three and thirty |
| 44 | vierundvierzig | [feer-oont-feer-tsikh] | four and forty |
💬 2. DIE KOMMUNIKATION UND RECHTSCHREIBUNG | Communication Patterns
❓ Question (for a boy): Wie alt ist dein Bruder? [vee alt ist dine broo-der?] ➔ How old is your brother?
📢 Answer: Er ist acht Jahre alt. [air ist ahkht yah-reh alt.] ➔ He is eight years old.
❓ Question (for a girl): Wie alt ist deine Schwester? [vee alt ist dine-uh shves-ter?] ➔ How old is your sister?
📢 Answer: Sie ist dreiunddreißig Jahre alt. [zee ist dry-oont-dry-sikh yah-reh alt.] ➔ She is thirty-three years old.
🗣️ 3. DIE DIALOGE IM ALLTAG | Everyday Dialogues
🎂 DIALOGUE 1: Geburtstagsparty (Talking About Age at a Birthday Party)
👦 Tim: Hallo Julia! Wer ist das? Ist das dein Bruder? (Hello Julia! Who is that? Is that your brother?)
👧 Julia: Hallo Tim! Ja, das ist mein Bruder. Er heißt Max. (Hello Tim! Yes, that’s my brother. His name is Max.)
👦 Tim: Wie alt ist er? Ist er fünf Jahre alt? (How old is he? Is he five years old?)
👧 Julia: Nein, er ist einundzwanzig Jahre alt. Er geht zur Universität. (No, he is twenty-one years old. He goes to university.)
👦 Tim: Oh, einundzwanzig! Er ist sehr groß! (Oh, twenty-one! He is very tall!)
📞 DIALOGUE 2: Die Telefonnummer (Counting a Phone Number)
👨🏫 Lehrer: Lukas, zähl bitte von dreißig bis fünfunddreißig! (Lukas, please count from thirty to thirty-five!)
👦 Lukas: Dreißig, einunddreißig, zweiunddreißig, dreiunddreißig, vierunddreißig, fünfunddreißig. (Thirty, thirty-one, thirty-two, thirty-three, thirty-four, thirty-five.)
👨🏫 Lehrer: Super, Lukas! Und wie ist deine Telefonnummer, Maja? Du kannst die Zahlen einzeln sagen. (Great, Lukas! And what is your phone number, Maja? You can say the numbers one by one.)
👧 Maja: Meine Nummer ist null, fünfzig, zweiundzwanzig, vierzig. (My number is zero, fifty, twenty-two, forty.)
👨🏫 Lehrer: Danke, Maja! Das ist richtig. (Thank you, Maja! That’s correct.)
🏫 4. DIE KLASSENZIMMER-ANWEISUNGEN | Fun Classroom Instructions
🔄 Zähl weiter! [tsel vy-ter!] ➔ Keep counting!
(Continue clapping hands rhythmically)
✍️ Schreib die Zahl! [shripe dee tsahl!] ➔ Write the number!
(Mime writing large numbers in the air)
👧 Wie alt ist sie? [vee alt ist zee?] ➔ How old is she?
(Find / Say — point to a picture of a girl on the board)
👂 Hör genau zu! [hur geh-now tsoo!] ➔ Listen carefully!
(Place both hands behind the ears — listening pose)
🎮 5. DIE LERNSPIELE IM UNTERRICHT | Learning Games
🔗 “Die Kette der Zahlen” (The Number Chain)
How to play:
- The teacher gives the command “Steh auf!” (Stand up!). All students stand up beside their desks.
- The teacher announces a starting number and adds the command “Zähl weiter!” (Keep counting!), for example: “Zwanzig!” (20).
- The first student says the next number: “Einundzwanzig!” (21).
- The second student continues: “Zweiundzwanzig!” (22).
- The game continues in a chain up to fünfzig (50).
- When the turn reaches the round tens (30, 40, 50), the student who is supposed to say that number does not say it, but claps their hands according to the command “Klatsch in die Hände!”.
- Whoever forgets to clap, says the number out loud, or makes a mistake is eliminated and sits down (“Setz dich!”). Those who complete the chain without any mistake receive applause.
📋 Unit 3 Summary
| Section | Topic | Key Focus |
|---|---|---|
| A | Logic of numbers after 20 | Units + und + tens |
| B | Third person’s age | dein / deine · er / sie |
| 1 | Numbers and pronunciation | -zig vs -ßig |
| 2 | Communication patterns | Wie alt ist …? |
| 3 | Dialogues | Birthday · phone |
| 4 | Classroom | Fun instructions |
| 5 | Games | The Number Chain |
🏁 End of Unit 3
📘 DIE GRAMMATIK-WERKSTATT
Level: A1 · Grade: 3 · Language: German → English
Unit: 3 — “Zahlen und Alter” · Lesson: 3 — “Numbers and Age”
Grammar Focus: Numbers 20–50 · Reversed order · Possessives (dein/deine) · Pronouns (er/sie)