Okuma Süresi:65 Dakika, 7 Saniye
- 1. – 22. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
If you go down to the woods in August, it is easy to get the —- that the birds, like so many of us, are on holiday.- ? evidence
- ? consciousness
- ? notice
- ? desire
- ? impression
- Pandas consume 18 kg of woody bamboo daily, which provides almost 99 per cent of their dietary —-.
- ? measurements
- ? needs
- ? achievements
- ? supplements
- ? expectations
- It is not clear whether bald eagles are directly —- for driving away golden eagles in California’s Channel Islands.
- ? particular
- ? responsible
- ? cautious
- ? reasonable
- ? stable
- In order to study the past it is not always —- to know precisely how long ago in years a particular period or event occurred.
- ? annual
- ? recurrent
- ? absolute
- ? essential
- ? capable
- Consumers know that food labels such as “organic” and “natural” do not —- guarantee good conditions for the animals that produced the meat, milk or eggs found inside the packaging.
- ? necessarily
- ? severely
- ? falsely
- ? respectively
- ? relatively
- The —- accepted laws of physics are the same everywhere in the world.
- ? continually
- ? simply
- ? equally
- ? commonly
- ? rapidly
- The total sales of US magazines in 1986 —- 325.3 million.
- ? profited
- ? recorded
- ? afforded
- ? reached
- ? provided
- An attempt to —- a poem should never be made before the poem is well understood.
- ? determine
- ? support
- ? mean
- ? compare
- ? evaluate
- In complex animals we can identify ten major organ systems that together —- the organism.
- ? work out
- ? bring in
- ? make up
- ? hold up
- ? set off
- The projects will be —- originality of thought and potential impact on society by distinguished specialists.
- ? dealt with
- ? applied to
- ? related to
- ? brought up
- ? judged on
- The scientific method —- mankind’s greatest means of discovery and progress ever since it was formulated.
- ? had been
- ? has been
- ? was
- ? would be
- ? would have been
- The new recordings of Corelli’s concertos —- a welcome opportunity to reflect on some of the changes in taste that —- since 1989.
- ? will offer / had developed
- ? offered / would develop
- ? have offered / developed
- ? had offered / develop
- ? offer / have developed
- Film music —- significant in many ways, of course, but not as music, which is why the proposition that better composers —- better film music is not necessarily true.
- ? had been / shall produce
- ? would be / produced
- ? is / could produce
- ? has been / should have produced
- ? can be / had produced
- California —- an earthquake that —- San Francisco, just before a 1989 World Series Game, killing large numbers of people.
- ? suffers / had shaken
- ? would have suffered / shakes
- ? suffered / shook
- ? had suffered / would shake
- ? has suffered / will shake
- More than 500 million years ago, most of what —- now the Colorado Plateau —- by ocean
- ? would be / has been covered
- ? could be / is covered
- ? would have been / had been covered
- ? is / was covered
- ? has been / will be covered
- —- the invention of the printing press and improved methods —- making paper, the rapid spread of knowledge became possible.
- ? Through / on
- ? For / about
- ? At / in
- ? With / of
- ? By / from
- —- the past 50 or 60 years, this technique has been widely used —- varying degrees of success.
- ? At / about
- ? Through / in
- ? Over / with
- ? By / on
- ? For / from
- —- Charles Dickens himself had a very hard childhood, he found it possible to write novels which contain humour and have happy endings.
- ? When
- ? Before
- ? Although
- ? If
- ? Unless
- Thanks to the popularity of nature documentaries on television, most people know that many animals migrate from one place to another —- the seasons change
- ? whether
- ? so that
- ? in case
- ? even though
- ? as
- The cost of everything from metals and minerals to commodities —- sugar —- petrol, went up dramatically in the first half of 2006.
- ? such as / and
- ? not only / but also
- ? both / and
- ? more / than
- ? apart from / than
- Tony Miller has written —- successful film music, but he is widely known —- the keyboard player and composer for his rock group.
- ? such / like
- ? the more / by
- ? much / as
- ? many / enough
- ? more / that
- No one understands better —- the great composers —- it is important to know your audience.
- ? not only / as
- ? like / so that
- ? than / that
- ? both / while
- ? just as / that
- 23. – 27. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
On most clear, dark nights you can see a falling star if you keep looking. (23) —- falling stars are actually meteors. They are points of bright light that suddenly (24) —- in the sky, race toward the horizon, and disappear. For a long time, nobody (25) —- what a meteor was. But finally, those who study stars and the sky decided that a meteor is a piece of a comet that exploded long (26) —-. Some pieces are (27) —- moving about the universe in paths that follow the original comet’s orbit.
23. …………….?- ? These
- ? This
- ? That
- ? Which
- ? What
- On most clear, dark nights you can see a falling star if you keep looking. (23) —- falling stars are actually meteors. They are points of bright light that suddenly (24) —- in the sky, race toward the horizon, and disappear. For a long time, nobody (25) —- what a meteor was. But finally, those who study stars and the sky decided that a meteor is a piece of a comet that exploded long (26) —-. Some pieces are (27) —- moving about the universe in paths that follow the original comet’s orbit.
24. …………?- ? discover
- ? exist
- ? Which
- ? appear
- ? confer
- On most clear, dark nights you can see a falling star if you keep looking. (23) —- falling stars are actually meteors. They are points of bright light that suddenly (24) —- in the sky, race toward the horizon, and disappear. For a long time, nobody (25) —- what a meteor was. But finally, those who study stars and the sky decided that a meteor is a piece of a comet that exploded long (26) —-. Some pieces are (27) —- moving about the universe in paths that follow the original comet’s orbit.
25. …………?- ? should have known
- ? was known
- ? knew
- ? could know
- ? will know
- On most clear, dark nights you can see a falling star if you keep looking. (23) —- falling stars are actually meteors. They are points of bright light that suddenly (24) —- in the sky, race toward the horizon, and disappear. For a long time, nobody (25) —- what a meteor was. But finally, those who study stars and the sky decided that a meteor is a piece of a comet that exploded long (26) —-. Some pieces are (27) —- moving about the universe in paths that follow the original comet’s orbit.
26. ………..?- ? ago
- ? again
- ? during
- ? after
- ? over
- On most clear, dark nights you can see a falling star if you keep looking. (23) —- falling stars are actually meteors. They are points of bright light that suddenly (24) —- in the sky, race toward the horizon, and disappear. For a long time, nobody (25) —- what a meteor was. But finally, those who study stars and the sky decided that a meteor is a piece of a comet that exploded long (26) —-. Some pieces are (27) —- moving about the universe in paths that follow the original comet’s orbit.
27. …………….?- ? already
- ? almost
- ? still
- ? hardly
- ? rarely
- 28. – 32. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
Opponents of day-care for children still call for women to return to the home, but the battle is really over. Now the question is: Will day-care continue to be (28) —- funded and poorly regulated, or will public policy introduce a system that rightly treats children as our (29) —- valuable national resource? Today, there is a fifty per cent chance that the mother of a young child (30) —- to the work force before (31) —- child’s first birthday. An estimated 9.5 million preschoolers have mothers (32) —- work outside the home.
28. …………..?- ? mainly
- ? unnecessarily
- ? inadequately
- ? highly
- ? mostly
- Opponents of day-care for children still call for women to return to the home, but the battle is really over. Now the question is: Will day-care continue to be (28) —- funded and poorly regulated, or will public policy introduce a system that rightly treats children as our (29) —- valuable national resource? Today, there is a fifty per cent chance that the mother of a young child (30) —- to the work force before (31) —- child’s first birthday. An estimated 9.5 million preschoolers have mothers (32) —- work outside the home.
29. ………….?- ? less
- ? most
- ? much
- ? the least
- ? more
- Opponents of day-care for children still call for women to return to the home, but the battle is really over. Now the question is: Will day-care continue to be (28) —- funded and poorly regulated, or will public policy introduce a system that rightly treats children as our (29) —- valuable national resource? Today, there is a fifty per cent chance that the mother of a young child (30) —- to the work force before (31) —- child’s first birthday. An estimated 9.5 million preschoolers have mothers (32) —- work outside the home.
30. ………….?- ? had returned
- ? returned
- ? has returned
- ? should return
- ? will return
- Opponents of day-care for children still call for women to return to the home, but the battle is really over. Now the question is: Will day-care continue to be (28) —- funded and poorly regulated, or will public policy introduce a system that rightly treats children as our (29) —- valuable national resource? Today, there is a fifty per cent chance that the mother of a young child (30) —- to the work force before (31) —- child’s first birthday. An estimated 9.5 million preschoolers have mothers (32) —- work outside the home.
31. ………..?- ? hers
- ? her
- ? its
- ? their
- ? our
- Opponents of day-care for children still call for women to return to the home, but the battle is really over. Now the question is: Will day-care continue to be (28) —- funded and poorly regulated, or will public policy introduce a system that rightly treats children as our (29) —- valuable national resource? Today, there is a fifty per cent chance that the mother of a young child (30) —- to the work force before (31) —- child’s first birthday. An estimated 9.5 million preschoolers have mothers (32) —- work outside the home.
32. …………..?- ? whom
- ? of whom
- ? who
- ? whoever
- ? whose
- 33. – 42. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
Although orchids may seem to be mostly appreciated for the way they look and smell, —-.- ? the richness and variety of Asian orchids is astounding
- ? in certain regions of Central America and the Indian Ocean, they have generally been used for food
- ? under favourable climatic conditions, they will flower every year
- ? they have always been among the most popular flowers in Asian countries
- ? they are common in every part of the globe except for the extreme South and North poles
- —- that the stage production of a play, no matter how realistic, always involves some degree of artificiality.
- ? Various questions have been asked
- ? It must be recognized
- ? Many people are urged
- ? The students have questioned
- ? Most actors and actresses wonder
- —-, but he always avoided Italy on principle.
- ? In his early life, the French painter Delacroix seemed to be interested in diplomacy
- ? Delacroix was one of the most prolific of painters
- ? Delacroix, the nineteenth-century French painter, travelled a good deal
- ? The work of the French painter Delacroix strongly influenced the Impressionist painters
- ? Eugène Delacroix, the famous French painter, was born in 1798
- Because the action of a play is presented through acting, —-.
- ? a work of fiction may tell us what a character looks like in one paragraph
- ? description is another important element of drama
- ? each of these circumstances has important consequences for the nature of drama
- ? its impact is direct, immediate, and heightened by the actors’ skills
- ? this experience has usually been interpreted by actors who are highly skilled in communicating strong emotions
- Despite the admittedly mysterious circumstances, —- how the galaxies were formed.
- ? we know quite well in broad outline
- ? it has been recently suggested
- ? it so happens
- ? a number of new experiments have been carried out
- ? the results are surprising
- In view of scientific evidence, it has been suggested —-.
- ? whether life began under certain environmental conditions
- ? since the upper half of the atmosphere has unusual weather conditions
- ? so far as the atmosphere guards us from rays which could be harmful
- ? while the size and shape of storms change quickly and often
- ? that Earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old
- Some 200 tribal languages were in use in Australia —-.
- ? that communication between tribes had been impossible
- ? although immigrant languages spoken are Italian, Turkish, Greek, Chinese, Arabic and German
- ? when British settlers arrived there in the eighteenth century
- ? even if they live in remote parts of the world
- ? but multilingualism has been encouraged since the 1970s
- Towards the end of the seventeenth century, —-, progress came to an end in the Ottoman Empire
- ? since the Istanbul state had continued spreading westwards
- ? even though there will be few other changes
- ? as the Ottomans began to lose their technological advantage over Europe
- ? which had a steady arrival of skilled craftsmen from the new territories of the empire
- ? which were built by masters such as the architect Sinan
- Italy has climbed into the top ten world economies since World War II, —-.
- ? if the arts have enjoyed a long and glorious history
- ? since it did not become a unified nation-state until 1861
- ? unless it has a single cultural identity
- ? although Italian had become a literary language as early as the fourteenth century
- ? yet at its heart it keeps many of the customs and traditions of its agricultural heritage
- Travelling around Germany by train is not the cheapest form of transport, —-.
- ? but it is undoubtedly one of the most efficient
- ? so that many interesting places throughout the country may be within easy reach
- ? if the fastest and most comfortable way to travel around the country is by bus
- ? even though journeys are generally no cheaper than travelling by train
- ? which means that a journey from Hamburg to Munich takes just under six hours
- 43. – 46. sorularda, verilen cümlenin hangi sorunun cevabı olduğunu bulunuz.
Well, first, I’d better start looking for a job.- ? Which do you think is the best kind of job?
- ? What kinds of jobs have you trained for?
- ? I’m glad our university offers job counselling, aren’t you?
- ? How many job interviews have you had since you graduated?
- ? What do you plan to do after graduation?
- No; not far away
- ? Is the school near where they live?
- ? Do you live a long way from here?
- ? Wasn’t that the correct answer?
- ? Isn’t the theatre close to the river?
- ? Isn’t this where you live?
- I don’t know; I still haven’t made up my mind.
- ? Haven’t they called you for an interview yet?
- ? Have you handed in an application for any of the positions TRT is advertising
- ? When do they want you to start work in the factory?
- ? Are you going to apply for work in a bank?
- ? Have they decided to appoint you to one of these positions?
- I would if I had any chance of winning.
- ? Why don’t you enter the competition?
- ? Which of the races are you going to take part in?
- ? Have you bought a lottery ticket this week?
- ? If you had won, what prize would you have got?
- ? Do you still think you should have won the competition?
- 47. – 50. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.
There are various methods that may be used when analysing a work of art.- ? Bir sanat eserini çözümlerken kullanılabilecek çeşitli yöntemler vardır.
- ? Bir sanat eserini, birden çok yöntem kullanarak çözümleyebiliriz.
- ? Bir sanat eserini çözümlerken değişik yöntemleri bir arada kullanabiliriz.
- ? Her sanat eseri, çeşitli yöntemlerden biri kullanılarak çözümlenebilir.
- ? Bir sanat eserini çözümlerken çeşitli yöntemlerden uygun olanını kullanmalıyız.
- The Etruscans were a people who settled in Italy about 900 B.C. and are believed to have come from Anatolia
- ? M.Ö. 900’lerde İtalya’ya yerleşmiş bir halk olan Etrüsklerin Anadolu’dan gelmiş oldukları biliniyor.
- ? Anadolu’dan gelerek İtalya’ya yerleşmiş olan Etrüskler, M.Ö. 900’lü yıllarda yaşadığına inanılan bir halktır.
- ? Yaklaşık M.Ö. 900’de Anadolu’dan gelmiş oldukları varsayılan Etrüskler, İtalya’ya yerleşmişlerdi
- ? Anadolu’dan gelmiş oldukları tahmin edilen Etrüskler, M.Ö. 900’lü yıllardan sonra İtalya’ya yerleşmişlerdir.
- ? Etrüskler, M.Ö. 900 civarında İtalya’ya yerleşmiş olan ve Anadolu’dan gelmiş olduklarına inanılan bir halktı.
- Air-breathing jets use less fuel than rockets but do not work in space.
- ? Hava emişli jetler, roketlerden daha az yakıt kullanır, ancak uzayda çalışmazlar.
- ? Hava emişli jetler, roketlere göre daha az yakıt kullansalar da uzayda çalışmaları mümkün değildir.
- ? Roketlerden çok daha az yakıt kullanan hava emişli jetler uzayda çalışmaz.
- ? Uzayda hiç çalışmayan hava emişli jetler, roketlere göre oldukça az yakıt kullanırlar.
- ? Roketlerden daha az yakıt kullandıkları halde, hava emişli jetler uzayda çalışmaz
- The first thing that most people associate with Cannes is its many festivals, especially the International Film Festival held each May.
- ? Uluslararası Film Festivali, Cannes’ın ismiyle ilişkilendirilen festivallerinden biridir ve bu festival her yıl mayıs ayında düzenlenir.
- ? Özellikle her mayıs düzenlenen Uluslararası Film Festivali ile diğer festivaller, insanların Cannes ile ilişkilendirdikleri etkinliklerdir.
- ? Birçok kişinin Cannes ile ilişkilendirdiği ilk şey, onun çok sayıdaki festivali, özellikle de her mayıs düzenlenen Uluslararası Film Festivali’dir
- ? Cannes’ı ilk olarak festivalleriyle ilişkilendiren insanlar, özellikle her mayıs ayında düzenlenen Uluslararası Film Festivali’ni iyi bilirler.
- ? Özellikle her mayıs düzenlenen Uluslararası Film Festivali, insanların Cannes ile ilişkilendirdikleri şeylerden sadece biridir.
- 51. – 54. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
William Butler Yeats, yazmaya adanmış sakin bir yaşam sürdüren Thomas Hardy’nin tersine, değişik türlerdeki etkinliklerle başarılı bir şekilde meşgul olmuş ve bunların hepsini sanatıyla bütünleştirmiştir.- ? While Thomas Hardy preferred to live a quiet life, dedicated to writing, William Butler Yeats wanted nothing of the sort, and therefore engaged in different kinds of activities, integrating them successfully into his art.
- ? Engaging successfully in different kinds of activities, William Butler Yeats was able to integrate them into his art, whereas Thomas Hardy preferred to live a solitary life dedicated to writing
- ? William Butler Yeats, unlike Thomas Hardy, did not lead a quiet life dedicated to writing, but participated in different kinds of activities, all of which he included in his art.
- ? Although Thomas Hardy lived a quiet life dedicated to writing, William Butler Yeats was successful in many different activities, and integrated them all into his art.
- ? William Butler Yeats engaged successfully in different kinds of activities and integrated all of them into his art, unlike Thomas Hardy, who lived a quiet life dedicated to writing.
- Christopher Columbus ve diğer Avrupalı kâşifler Yeni Dünya’ya ulaştıklarında, yerlilerin, kendilerininkinden çok farklı alışkanlıklarının olduğunu gördüler.
- ? Christopher Columbus and various other European explorers arrived in the New World only to discover that their habits were very different from those of the natives.
- ? When Christopher Columbus and other European explorers arrived in the New World, they saw that the natives had habits far different from their own.
- ? On their arrival in the New World, Christopher Columbus and many other European explorers realized that the habits of the natives were totally different from each other.
- ? Soon after Christopher Columbus and other European explorers got to the New World, it was clear to them that their habits differed a lot from those of the natives.
- ? As soon as Christopher Columbus and various other European explorers reached the New World, they discovered that the habits of the natives were hardly different from their own
- İnsanlar, eski çağlardan beri, güneş sisteminde gezegenlerin varlığını bilmekteydiler.
- ? The existence of the planets in the solar system was fully known to the people in ancient times.
- ? People have known of the existence of the planets in the solar system since ancient times.
- ? Ever since ancient times, the existence of the planets in the solar system has been clear to everybody.
- ? It has been known by everybody since ancient times that there exist planets in the solar system.
- ? In ancient times, people became aware of the fact that there existed planets in the solar system
- On dokuzuncu yüzyıldan beri tutulan kayıtlar, atmosferdeki karbondioksit miktarının çarpıcı bir şekilde arttığını açıkça göstermektedir.
- ? It is clearly shown by records kept since the beginning of the nineteenth century that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been dramatically increasing.
- ? Records have been kept since the nineteenth century to show clearly that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been dramatically increasing.
- ? The records kept so far clearly show that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has reached a dramatic level since the nineteenth century.
- ? Records kept since the nineteenth century clearly show that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased dramatically.
- ? As the records kept since the nineteenth century clearly show, there has been a dramatic increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
- 55. – 57. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
The benefits of nuclear power are fairly clear. First, unlike wind and solar power, it does not depend on the weather. Second, since it produces a large amount of electricity in a short time, it can meet all the energy needs of cities and factories, for which wind and solar power may not be sufficient. In addition, nuclear reactors release no carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and they can be built in inaccessible locations. Lastly, unlike the technology of hydrogen-powered fuel cells, the technology of nuclear power is already widely used.
55. It can be understood from the passage that nuclear power —-.- ? has several obvious advantages
- ? has more disadvantages than advantages
- ? produces gases harmful to the atmosphere
- ? can only be produced under good weather conditions
- ? produces electricity very slowly
- The benefits of nuclear power are fairly clear. First, unlike wind and solar power, it does not depend on the weather. Second, since it produces a large amount of electricity in a short time, it can meet all the energy needs of cities and factories, for which wind and solar power may not be sufficient. In addition, nuclear reactors release no carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and they can be built in inaccessible locations. Lastly, unlike the technology of hydrogen-powered fuel cells, the technology of nuclear power is already widely used.
The passage points out that one benefit of nuclear reactors is that they —-.
56. The passage points out that one benefit of nuclear reactors is that they —-.- ? can be constructed in areas that are difficult to reach
- ? pose no danger to their immediate surroundings
- ? must be located in cities
- ? use new technology
- ? can produce more electricity than will ever be needed
- The benefits of nuclear power are fairly clear. First, unlike wind and solar power, it does not depend on the weather. Second, since it produces a large amount of electricity in a short time, it can meet all the energy needs of cities and factories, for which wind and solar power may not be sufficient. In addition, nuclear reactors release no carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and they can be built in inaccessible locations. Lastly, unlike the technology of hydrogen-powered fuel cells, the technology of nuclear power is already widely used.
57. According to the passage, nuclear power is preferable to hydrogen power because —-.- ? hydrogen power is much more dangerous than nuclear power
- ? nuclear reactors are smaller than the plants which produce hydrogen
- ? it has already been tried and tested
- ? hydrogen power cannot be used for powering cities
- ? nuclear power works well together with solar and wind power
- 58. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Scientists have discovered that sunspots, that is, explosions on the sun’s surface, may cause certain species of whales to become trapped in the shallow waters of the North Sea. The radiation from sunspots may interfere with the Earth’s magnetic field, which the whales might be using to help them find their way in the oceans. Scientists think that this interference may confuse the whales so that, during their yearly migration from the Azores, they mistakenly go into the North Sea instead of the deeper waters of the Norwegian Sea, their traditional territory.
58. According to the passage, it is thought that, —-- ? the North Sea provides better shelter and more food for all kinds of whales than the Norwegian Sea does
- ? whenever solar explosions take place, there occur serious environmental problems on Earth
- ? for their journeys in the oceans, some whales may depend, for direction, on the Earth’s magnetic field
- ? despite the vastness of the oceans, whales may have developed a very strong sense of direction
- ? contrary to the common view, there can be no relationship whatsoever between sunspots and the Earth’s magnetic field
- Scientists have discovered that sunspots, that is, explosions on the sun’s surface, may cause certain species of whales to become trapped in the shallow waters of the North Sea. The radiation from sunspots may interfere with the Earth’s magnetic field, which the whales might be using to help them find their way in the oceans. Scientists think that this interference may confuse the whales so that, during their yearly migration from the Azores, they mistakenly go into the North Sea instead of the deeper waters of the Norwegian Sea, their traditional territory.
59. One understands from the passage that scientists —-.- ? have overlooked the question of sunspots and their effects on the Earth’s magnetic field
- ? have carried out much research to understand the impact of solar explosions upon life on Earth
- ? finally seem to understand the reasons why some kinds of whales fail to get to the Norwegian Sea
- ? now know for certain that the radiation from sunspots has an adverse effect on marine life in the oceans
- ? have always wondered about the routes whales take in the oceans for their yearly migration
- Scientists have discovered that sunspots, that is, explosions on the sun’s surface, may cause certain species of whales to become trapped in the shallow waters of the North Sea. The radiation from sunspots may interfere with the Earth’s magnetic field, which the whales might be using to help them find their way in the oceans. Scientists think that this interference may confuse the whales so that, during their yearly migration from the Azores, they mistakenly go into the North Sea instead of the deeper waters of the Norwegian Sea, their traditional territory.
60. It is clear from the passage that, traditionally, —-.- ? the shallow waters of the North Sea have been a deadly trap for whales
- ? the waters around the Azores have been the main feeding ground for all species of whales
- ? scientists have been indifferent to solar explosions and their effects on the Earth’s magnetic field
- ? the Norwegian Sea has been the ultimate destination for whales during their annual migrations
- ? whales have always migrated from the Azores not only to the Norwegian Sea but also to the North Sea
- 61. – 63. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Weather science is called meteorology. Historically, in the past, no such science existed. Besides, most people then felt that there was no need for it. They believed it had all been explained by Aristotle, the ancient Greek philosopher. For them, the teachings and writings of Aristotle had explained everything concerning the weather and there was no need for further explanation. However, some 100 years ago, people who wanted to learn more regarding the weather could not learn it in a university. But today, many people study the weather in universities throughout the world. The main laws have been established although there is still a lot we have to learn about meteorology.
61. According to the passage, meteorology —-.- ? is a relatively recent science which needs to be further developed, although some progress has been made with regard to its essentials
- ? took its main laws from Aristotle, whose understanding of the subject was largely theoretical
- ? was of no interest to people before it began to be studied in universities
- ? has been fully developed as a science
- ? has been seriously studied in universities since Aristotle’s time
- Weather science is called meteorology. Historically, in the past, no such science existed. Besides, most people then felt that there was no need for it. They believed it had all been explained by Aristotle, the ancient Greek philosopher. For them, the teachings and writings of Aristotle had explained everything concerning the weather and there was no need for further explanation. However, some 100 years ago, people who wanted to learn more regarding the weather could not learn it in a university. But today, many people study the weather in universities throughout the world. The main laws have been established although there is still a lot we have to learn about meteorology.
62. It is pointed out in the passage that what Aristotle had said about the weather —-.- ? was fully studied in the universities in the past, and contributed enormously to the development of meteorology as a science
- ? obviously paved the way for the worldwide popularity of meteorology as a field of stud
- ? was regarded by universities in the past as the basis of meteorology
- ? was considered to be sufficient and final by most people historically
- ? was ignored by a great majority of people in the past, who in fact relied on their own observations of the weather
- Weather science is called meteorology. Historically, in the past, no such science existed. Besides, most people then felt that there was no need for it. They believed it had all been explained by Aristotle, the ancient Greek philosopher. For them, the teachings and writings of Aristotle had explained everything concerning the weather and there was no need for further explanation. However, some 100 years ago, people who wanted to learn more regarding the weather could not learn it in a university. But today, many people study the weather in universities throughout the world. The main laws have been established although there is still a lot we have to learn about meteorology.
63. One understands from the passage that people’s concern with meteorology —-.- ? was part of a research interest which was fast becoming popular throughout the world
- ? was so extensive that almost every university in the world attached great importance to its study
- ? was related to the fact that so many of them were farmers
- ? relied solely on what the universities taught on the subject
- ? was mostly personal, not based on a scientific study in a university
- 64. – 66. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
During the Ottoman period, a small but increasing number of European travellers began to explore and study the sites of ancient cities in Western Turkey. In this regard, the first systematic exploration was made in 1811 by Captain Beaufort of the British Royal Navy, who mapped the Mediterranean coast of Turkey and identified some of the ancient sites there. This was followed by a number of other archaeological expeditions, including Charles Fellows’s explorations, from 1838 to 1844, of the southwestern part of the country, called “Lycia” in antiquity. But the most exciting find was Heinrich Schliemann’s rediscovery of Troy in excavations that began in 1870. Since then, most of the ancient cities of Western Turkey have probably been unearthed and studied, at least to some extent. The more famous of them, such as Pergamum, Ephesus, Sardis and Aphrodisias, are now the subjects of large-scale excavations and restorations that have recreated a fragmentary image of their former splendour.
64. It is implied in the passage that the European explorations and studies of Western Turkey’s ancient sites made prior to the early nineteenth century —-.- ? mainly focused on the historically most important ones such as Pergamum, Ephesus, Sardis and Aphrodisias
- ? had a secret military purpose and, therefore, lacked any historical interest
- ? were in fact essentially concerned with the search for the actual site of Tro
- ? provided archaeologists with a great deal of information indispensable for their excavations
- ? had not been carried out according to a plan
- During the Ottoman period, a small but increasing number of European travellers began to explore and study the sites of ancient cities in Western Turkey. In this regard, the first systematic exploration was made in 1811 by Captain Beaufort of the British Royal Navy, who mapped the Mediterranean coast of Turkey and identified some of the ancient sites there. This was followed by a number of other archaeological expeditions, including Charles Fellows’s explorations, from 1838 to 1844, of the southwestern part of the country, called “Lycia” in antiquity. But the most exciting find was Heinrich Schliemann’s rediscovery of Troy in excavations that began in 1870. Since then, most of the ancient cities of Western Turkey have probably been unearthed and studied, at least to some extent. The more famous of them, such as Pergamum, Ephesus, Sardis and Aphrodisias, are now the subjects of large-scale excavations and restorations that have recreated a fragmentary image of their former splendour.
65. One understands from the passage that, although many explorations of ancient ruins were made in Western Turkey in the nineteenth century, —-.- ? it was Heinrich Schliemann’s excavations of Troy that created the most interest
- ? Lycia, as a region, has always attracted a great deal of attention from many travellers and archaeologists
- ? only Pergamum and Aphrodisias give us a full picture of their magnificence in the past
- ? exploration and excavation there has not continued into the twentieth and twenty-first centuries
- ? Ephesus and Sardis, especially, have provided an extensive amount of data about life and society in antiquity
- During the Ottoman period, a small but increasing number of European travellers began to explore and study the sites of ancient cities in Western Turkey. In this regard, the first systematic exploration was made in 1811 by Captain Beaufort of the British Royal Navy, who mapped the Mediterranean coast of Turkey and identified some of the ancient sites there. This was followed by a number of other archaeological expeditions, including Charles Fellows’s explorations, from 1838 to 1844, of the southwestern part of the country, called “Lycia” in antiquity. But the most exciting find was Heinrich Schliemann’s rediscovery of Troy in excavations that began in 1870. Since then, most of the ancient cities of Western Turkey have probably been unearthed and studied, at least to some extent. The more famous of them, such as Pergamum, Ephesus, Sardis and Aphrodisias, are now the subjects of large-scale excavations and restorations that have recreated a fragmentary image of their former splendour.
66. It is pointed out in the passage that, despite extensive excavations and restorations, —-.- ? a very large part of Troy still needs to be further explored and unearthed
- ? many of Lycia’s ancient cities are still buried under the ground and await digging out
- ? an extensive number of the ancient sites, including Troy, in Western Turkey, have not yet been unearthed
- ? the ancient glory of such popularly known cities as Pergamum, Ephesus, Sardis and Aphrodisias has only been partially revealed
- ? the cities such as Pergamum, Ephesus, Sardis and Aphrodisias are far from arousing a lasting interest in the public
- 67. – 69. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Florence is a monument to the Renaissance, the artistic and cultural reawakening which took place in Europe during the fifteenth century. The buildings, designed by the period’s great architect Brunelleschi, and the paintings and sculptures of artists such as Botticelli and Michelangelo have turned the city into one of the world’s greatest artistic capitals. During the Renaissance, Florence was at the cultural and intellectual heart of Europe and enjoyed enormous artistic growth. The legacy of the Renaissance draws many visitors to the city today, and its numerous museums, galleries, churches, and monuments are among the major attractions. Florence’s best sights are situated in such a small area that the city seems to reveal its treasures at every step.
67. It is emphasized in the passage that Florence today —- as it houses wonderful examples of Renaissance art and architecture.- ? is so crowded by visitors from many parts of the world that it can hardly cope with them
- ? is considered to be one of the economic capitals of Europe
- ? is a small city that, for its economic well-being, depends on an ever-growing number of visitors
- ? attracts primarily those people who have a very strong intellectual interest in the works of Botticelli and Michelangelo
- ? enjoys much popularity throughout the world and is visited by a great number of people
- Florence is a monument to the Renaissance, the artistic and cultural reawakening which took place in Europe during the fifteenth century. The buildings, designed by the period’s great architect Brunelleschi, and the paintings and sculptures of artists such as Botticelli and Michelangelo have turned the city into one of the world’s greatest artistic capitals. During the Renaissance, Florence was at the cultural and intellectual heart of Europe and enjoyed enormous artistic growth. The legacy of the Renaissance draws many visitors to the city today, and its numerous museums, galleries, churches, and monuments are among the major attractions. Florence’s best sights are situated in such a small area that the city seems to reveal its treasures at every step.
68. It is pointed out in the passage that, at the time of the Renaissance, Florence —-.- ? became one of the most important cities in Europe both intellectually and culturally
- ? enjoyed a period of rapid economic growth
- ? had so many museums and monuments that it soon became a major tourist attraction of the period
- ? constantly competed with other Italian cities to become the artistic capital of Europe
- ? was especially famous for its magnificent churches and art galleries, mainly designed by Brunelleschi and other contemporary architects
- Florence is a monument to the Renaissance, the artistic and cultural reawakening which took place in Europe during the fifteenth century. The buildings, designed by the period’s great architect Brunelleschi, and the paintings and sculptures of artists such as Botticelli and Michelangelo have turned the city into one of the world’s greatest artistic capitals. During the Renaissance, Florence was at the cultural and intellectual heart of Europe and enjoyed enormous artistic growth. The legacy of the Renaissance draws many visitors to the city today, and its numerous museums, galleries, churches, and monuments are among the major attractions. Florence’s best sights are situated in such a small area that the city seems to reveal its treasures at every step.
69. The writer states that the artistic and cultural wealth of Florence —-.- ? was suppressed by the Christian churches there during the Renaissance
- ? was derived only from Brunelleschi, Botticelli and Michelangelo
- ? has only recently been recognized by the wo
- ? consists only of museums, galleries and churches
- ? can be experienced today everywhere in the city
- 70. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Auguste Renoir, the great French painter of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, came from a poor family and was for the most part self-taught. He led a quiet and happy life. He was content with his garden and the company of his family. He was the most traditional of the great artists of his time, such as Cézanne, Gaugain, or Van Gogh. And yet, scarcely any of his contemporaries so faithfully reflects the life and spirit of the period. When one turns to the paintings of this period to learn something of the visual aspects of its life, one will find hardly anything of significance in the works of these other painters. It is only in Renoir that one can find the colour and the joy and the character of everyday life. In that sense Renoir is the most representative painter of his age.
70. The writer maintains that Renoir’s contemporaries —-.- ? did not show any interest in the search for new forms of artistic expression
- ? did not favour any novelties and changes in the tradition of painting
- ? lacked the courage and skill to rival him in a realistic depiction of their time
- ? did not represent the visual aspects of their time as truly as he did
- ? did not regard him as an accomplished and creative painter
- Auguste Renoir, the great French painter of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, came from a poor family and was for the most part self-taught. He led a quiet and happy life. He was content with his garden and the company of his family. He was the most traditional of the great artists of his time, such as Cézanne, Gaugain, or Van Gogh. And yet, scarcely any of his contemporaries so faithfully reflects the life and spirit of the period. When one turns to the paintings of this period to learn something of the visual aspects of its life, one will find hardly anything of significance in the works of these other painters. It is only in Renoir that one can find the colour and the joy and the character of everyday life. In that sense Renoir is the most representative painter of his age.
71. It is pointed out in the passage that Renoir —-.- ? suffered a great deal from loneliness and was very disillusioned with life
- ? mostly depicted members of his family in his paintings
- ? often disagreed with his contemporaries on the social function of art
- ? received very little in the way of educatio
- ? was not as interested in everyday life as were Cézanne and other painters
- Auguste Renoir, the great French painter of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, came from a poor family and was for the most part self-taught. He led a quiet and happy life. He was content with his garden and the company of his family. He was the most traditional of the great artists of his time, such as Cézanne, Gaugain, or Van Gogh. And yet, scarcely any of his contemporaries so faithfully reflects the life and spirit of the period. When one turns to the paintings of this period to learn something of the visual aspects of its life, one will find hardly anything of significance in the works of these other painters. It is only in Renoir that one can find the colour and the joy and the character of everyday life. In that sense Renoir is the most representative painter of his age.
72. According to the passage, it is from the works of Renoir rather than of his contemporaries that —-.- ? one gets a disturbing sense of poverty and loneliness
- ? the representation of everyday life has been excluded
- ? we can get an understanding of the period
- ? many great artists have taken their inspiration
- ? one can learn about a faithful representation of nature
- 73. – 75. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Great literature does not touch a reader only on one or two sides of his nature, but causes him to respond with his whole being. It has an effect on his senses, imagination, emotion, and intellect. It attempts not only to entertain the reader but to bring him fresh or renewed understanding of his own self as well as his experience of life and people. Thus, it gives him a broader and deeper understanding not only of himself but also of life and of his fellow men. The kind of perspective great literature gives cannot be summed up as a simple “lesson” or “moral”. It is knowledge – knowledge of the complexities of human nature, and knowledge of the tragedies and sufferings, the excitements and joys, that characterize the human experience.
73. According to the passage, the perspectives a reader gains from great literature —-.- ? are usually connected with the tragedies and sufferings of human life
- ? can be described accurately
- ? only concern him and do not relate to the experiences of others
- ? are normally related to his emotions rather than to his intellect
- ? cannot easily be defined as a simple lesson of right and wrong
- Great literature does not touch a reader only on one or two sides of his nature, but causes him to respond with his whole being. It has an effect on his senses, imagination, emotion, and intellect. It attempts not only to entertain the reader but to bring him fresh or renewed understanding of his own self as well as his experience of life and people. Thus, it gives him a broader and deeper understanding not only of himself but also of life and of his fellow men. The kind of perspective great literature gives cannot be summed up as a simple “lesson” or “moral”. It is knowledge – knowledge of the complexities of human nature, and knowledge of the tragedies and sufferings, the excitements and joys, that characterize the human experience.
74. The writer suggests that, when a reader is exposed to great literature, —-.- ? his perception of the self and of others becomes much stronger and deeper
- ? his view of life and people undergoes a thorough change for the worse
- ? his experience of life and people is rarely broadened or deepened
- ? his interest in other people’s lives begins to decline gradually
- ? he becomes more and more concerned with his own self
- Great literature does not touch a reader only on one or two sides of his nature, but causes him to respond with his whole being. It has an effect on his senses, imagination, emotion, and intellect. It attempts not only to entertain the reader but to bring him fresh or renewed understanding of his own self as well as his experience of life and people. Thus, it gives him a broader and deeper understanding not only of himself but also of life and of his fellow men. The kind of perspective great literature gives cannot be summed up as a simple “lesson” or “moral”. It is knowledge – knowledge of the complexities of human nature, and knowledge of the tragedies and sufferings, the excitements and joys, that characterize the human experience.
75. As we understand from the passage, through great literature, a reader —-.- ? cannot gain fresh or renewed perspectives
- ? is made familiar with different aspects of life
- ? will have difficulty in understanding new perspectives
- ? rarely focuses on the complexities of human nature
- ? can only gain a partial and limited understanding of people
- 76. – 80. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın olan cümleyi bulunuz.
If I’d known how hot and crowded it was going to be here, I wouldn’t have come.- ? If it’s going to be hot and crowded I will certainly not go there.
- ? I wouldn’t go as I was sure it would be terribly hot and crowded.
- ? I came here knowing very well it would be both hot and crowded.
- ? I didn’t realize it would be so hot and crowded here, and if I had, I wouldn’t have come.
- ? As it’s so hot and crowded here, I’m beginning to wish I hadn’t come
- I haven’t seen either James or his sister for a very long time now.
- ? Neither James nor his sister has been seen by anyone for ages.
- ? I know I’ve met James, but I don’t think I’ve met his sister before.
- ? I can’t remember when I last saw James and his sister.
- ? I’ve met both James and his sister before, but it was a long time ago.
- ? I’ve met both James and his sister before, but it was a long time ago.
- The rain had already started when I left the house.
- ? As soon as I left home it began to rain.
- ? Just as I was leaving the house it began to rain heavily.
- ? The rain suddenly came on as I was leaving the house.
- ? It didn’t start to rain heavily until I left the house.
- ? It was raining even before I left the house.
- There wasn’t enough evidence to prove that he was guilty.
- ? They couldn’t have proved his guilt even if they’d had more evidence.
- ? They failed to prove his guilt as there was no evidence to support the case.
- ? They can’t possibly prove his guilt as there is clearly insufficient evidence.
- ? They couldn’t prove that he was guilty as the evidence was insufficient.
- ? If there is enough evidence, they will be able to prove his guilt.
- When we lived in İzmir, I used to go to a concert every week.
- ? During our years in İzmir, I went to a concert regularly once a week.
- ? After we left İzmir, I started to go to a concert every week.
- ? When we lived in İzmir, they held concerts there every week.
- ? As we lived in İzmir, I could go to a concert every week.
- ? While we were living in İzmir, we went to a concert at least once a week.
- 81. – 85. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
In early Roman times, Belgium occupied part of the Roman province of “Belgica,” named after its native people, “the Belgae”. The area was conquered by Julius Caesar in 57-50 B.C. —-. Later, in the eighth century, it became part of Charlemagne’s empire. In the following centuries, it was invaded and ruled by various powers, and it was only in 1830 that the country gained its independence.- ? During the wars that followed the French Revolution (1789), the country came under French rule
- ? Then in the fifth century A.D., it was overrun by the Franks
- ? Its rivers are most convenient for commercial navigation
- ? It has about 40 miles of seacoast on the North Sea
- ? In the sixteenth century, the country was inherited by Emperor Charles V
- An autobiography is a person’s own account of his or her life. —-. Thus, the reader experiences the writer’s story through the writer’s eyes – knowing not only what he or she observes and recalls, but also what he or she thinks and feels about the experience.
- ? Another factor that makes autobiography so enjoyable is its inclusion of anecdotes about the writer’s life
- ? Usually in an autobiography, a writer uses the first-person pronoun “I” to write about his or her own experiences
- ? Some biographies are written in such a way that they are extremely informative
- ? It is up to the reader, therefore, to make sense of what the author has written
- ? A biography, on the other hand, is written about a person by an outside author
- In football, most of the glory goes to goalscorers, but the men who save goals are just as important. One of those men is Gordon Banks, a former player for the English national team. —-. After his great performance for his country in the 1966 World Cup final match against Germany, in which England beat Germany in extra time, he was recognised as the world’s best goal-keeper.
- ? Hungary was the first foreign football team to beat England, in England, at Wembley Stadium in 1953
- ? He was first selected to play for England against Scotland in 1963
- ? In 1972, he had a car accident in which he suffered eye injuries, and he was forced to retire from the game
- ? He also helped Stoke to win the Football League Cup in 1972
- ? Gordon Banks was born in England in 1937
- He was first selected to play for England against Scotland in 1963
- ? Dust from the explosion spread to all parts of space
- ? The Earth became dark and cool for many thousands of years
- ? Clouds were formed in the sky and rains fell on the surface of the Earth
- ? 90 per cent of all matter in the universe consists of a gas called “hydrogen”
- ? The Earth is surrounded by an unmapped ocean of air
- Although pain is an almost universal experience, it is remarkably difficult to define. Some define pain as “perhaps the most universal form of stress.” —-. Still others emphasize the subjective nature of pain.
- ? Pain is sometimes classified by stages, according to the duration of pain
- ? A common example of chronic recurrent pain is headache pain, especially the pain of migraine headaches
- ? Until about 100 years ago, pain was most frequently considered a direct consequence of physical injury
- ? Chronic pain never has a biological benefit, but life without pain produces even more problems
- ? Others concentrate on the physiology that underlies the perception of pain
- 86. – 90. sorularda, verilen durumda söylenmiş olabilecek sözü bulunuz.
An aunt of yours learns she has to have an operation and is naturally rather upset about it. You feel she needs to be kept busy, so you plan to ask her to cook for you. You phone and say:- ? I’m coming round to see you this evening. Don’t go out!
- ? Mother and I want you to eat with us this evening. Come around seven.
- ? I’ve bought a cake, so do come round for tea.
- ? If I bring the spinach and the cheese will you make my favourite pie for me?
- ? I thought I’d take you out to dinner tonight. Where would you like to go
- A friend of yours is organizing an afternoon of sporting competitions and games. People are to bring sandwiches and cakes, and these will be sold. The money that will be made is for the local orphanage. You are most impressed with the idea and eager to help. You say:
- ? What an excellent idea. I’d help if I could but I’m no good at such things.
- ? How much money are you collecting from us all?
- ? I’ll do anything you want from organizing games to making cakes, just say.
- ? I like sporting events so I’ll enter some of the races; I might even win!
- ? I don’t know how to make a cake, but perhaps mother will make one for you
- You and a group of friends are planning to have a day out together. You are trying to choose a meeting place. You are sure some of the friends will be late, so with this in mind, you say:
- ? We’ve still to decide where we are going to have lunch.
- ? What’s the name of that shop we waited in front of last time?
- ? Some of us can’t get there by 10 o’clock so let’s meet at 10:30
- ? We’ll meet there at 10 o’clock and we won’t wait for late-comers.
- ? Let’s meet in a bookstore so we can pass the time pleasantly while waiting for late-comers.
- You know you haven’t been very nice to your little sister over the last few days, and now you’re feeling sorry for her and ashamed of yourself. So you decide to do something really nice for her now and say:
- ? Do stop looking so unhappy!
- ? What have I done to upset you?
- ? I’ve been working very hard for my exams lately so I haven’t had any time to help you.
- ? Let’s go to our favourite café and I’ll buy you an ice-cream.
- ? If you don’t do what I want you to, you can’t expect me to be nice to you!
- A friend is extremely angry and upset and threatening to do all sorts of things he’s sure to regret later. It seems to you that the best thing is to make him wait a little before doing anything, so you say:
- ? Keep calm. Wait a while. Then decide what to do.
- ? I wish I could help, but I don’t know how.
- ? Just forget it. The problem isn’t all that serious.
- ? I think you should solve your problem right away.
- ? I don’t agree with you at all!
- 91. – 95. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.
Andy : – Well; did you enjoy the film?
Brenda : – Not really. There was nothing new or original in the plot.
Andy : – —-
Brenda : – I agree. That was good. In fact, sometimes brilliant.- ? True. For me the best thing was the photography.
- ? Didn’t you find the dog attractive?
- ? What did you think of the father-son relationship?
- ? It was a typical musical comedy.
- ? Yes; I was disappointed, too.
- John : – What is meant by the saying, “April showers bring May flowers”?
Mother : – Well, what do you suppose it could mean?
John : – —-
Mother : – That’s right. So the general idea is that good times follow bad ones.- ? I’ve no idea. That’s why I’m asking.
- ? Sometimes it rains in May, too.
- ? I suppose that even if the rain may give us some trouble, the flowers that come afterward are beautiful
- ? Don’t you know what it means? Maybe my teacher knows.
- ? Does it have to do with the weather? Maybe I should research it on the Internet.
- Peter : – How much time do you spend each day with your computer?
Judy : – Quite a lot. Sometimes as much as 8 hours a day.
Peter : – —-
Judy : – I know. But I prefer to be by myself.- ? Do you play games mostly, or read articles?
- ? That’s far too much. You need to spend more time with people.
- ? So do I. It’s fun, isn’t it?
- ? Some people regard it as a waste of time. But I get a lot of useful information out of it
- ? I hope you take some exercise every day as well!
- Wendy : – Are you flying from Ankara to Istanbul?
Fiona : – —-
Wendy : – Then you will be going through the new tunnel in the Bolu Mountains.
Fiona : – That’s right. I’m looking forward to that- ? No; we’re driving there.
- ? Let’s go by bus.
- ? Yes. My plane leaves at 9:00.
- ? I suppose so. We usually do.
- ? We may. We haven’t decided yet.
- Jane : – Do you live in the centre of London? Mary : – No; thank goodness, in the outskirts where it’s peaceful.
Jane : – —-
Mary : – It’s noisy and dirty and crowded.- ? What’s wrong with the city centre?
- ? Isn’t it too quiet there?
- ? Isn’t travelling to and from work a problem?
- ? But you don’t work there, do you?
- ? What are the advantages of living there?
- 96. – 100. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
(I) In many cultures, particularly those in which extended families live together or nearby, older members of the community are respected – they are considered to be wise and knowledgeable teachers. (II) The cycle continues and the elderly remain socially isolated. (III) In other societies, largely those in which the nuclear family has displaced the extended family, this is often not the case. (IV) Countries such as Britain, the Netherlands, Australia, Canada and the US fall into this latter category. (V) In these societies, the qualities of youth are highly valued, and elderly people are generally neglected.- ? II
- ? I
- ? IV
- ? III
- ? V
- (I) Poetry affects us in two different ways. (II) First, it speaks directly to our senses through its music and rhythm, which we actually hear when it is read aloud. (III) Accordingly, the poet uses a special literary technique. (IV) But indirectly, poetry speaks to our senses through imagery. (V) It most often does this by creating a mental picture, or an “image” that we see not in the world around us, but in our mind.
- ? II
- ? III
- ? V
- ? I
- ? IV
- (I) A wristwatch is a mechanical device which is used for telling time. (II) Its main advantage over other types of time-telling devices (such things as clocks, sundials, or hourglasses) is that it is small enough to be worn on the wrist so that one can easily know the time by looking down. (III) Wristwatches come in various shapes and sizes, but all have one thing in common: a band or strap with which they may be attached to the wrist. (IV) This band or strap may be made of metal or leather, or sometimes from plastic. (V) Moreover, some people still prefer to use oldfashioned watches.
- ? II
- ? V
- ? III
- ? I
- ? IV
- (I) A tragedy is the imitation in dramatic form of an action that is serious and complete, with incidents arousing pity and fear with which it causes a climax of such emotions. (II) The chief characters in a tragedy are noble, and the actions they perform are noble actions. (III) The plot involves a change in the hero’s fortune, in which he falls from happiness to misery. (IV) Unlike tragedy, comedy aims at ridicule and so satirizes. (V) Such misfortune is brought upon him not by his bad character but by some error of judgement.
- ? III
- ? I
- ? V
- ? II
- ? IV
- (I) The medieval English poet Geoffrey Chaucer was able to travel widely throughout Europe and study the literature of France and Italy. (II) With striking success, he combined his wide-ranging learning with an enthusiastic love for the everyday lives of ordinary English people into his masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales. (III) During the century following Chaucer’s death, England was torn apart in a civil war, called the “Wars of the Roses”. (IV) This is a work which the educated admired for its careful development of current literary forms, while ordinary listeners loved its comedy and adventure. (V) It became one of the most popular texts of its day.
- ? V
- ? II
- ? IV
- ? I
- ? III
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