After the man had come home he fed the lion.
| Geçmişteki tek bir olaydan bahsedeceğimizde simple past kullanırız. Past perfect ise ,TEK BAŞINA KUL- LANILMAZ. Mesela bir eylem SIMPLE PAST TENSE ILE anlatıldıysa, ONDAN DAHA ÖNCEKI başka bir eylem de bu tense ile anlatılabilir. Kısacası, bu tense her zaman referansı ile birlikte kullanılır. |
| Past perfect tense’in cümle yapısı | |||
| OLUMLU | OLUMSUZ | SORU | |
| uzun şekil | kısa şekil | ||
| I had played | I had not played | I hadn’t played | Had I played? |
| You had played | You had not played | You hadn’t played | Had you played? |
| He/she/it had played | He had not played | He hadn’t played | Had he played? |
| We had played | We had not played | We hadn’t played | Had we played? |
| You had played | You had not played | You hadn’t played | Had you played? |
| They had played | They had not played | They hadn’t played | Had they played? |
First the patient died. Then the doctor arrived
The patient had died when the doctor arrived (Doktor vardığı zaman,hasta ölmüştü)
When I arrived at the station the train had left After the train had left, I arrived at the station The woman had died until the doctor arrived. (Doktor varana kadar kadın ölmüştü.)
We had had that car for ten years before it broke down. (Bu araba bozulmadan önce on yıl bizimdi.) When Sam was born, I had been a doctor for 10 years. (Sam doğduğunda, ben 10 yıllık doktordum.) I had never seen such a nice beach before I went to Side.
(Side’ye gitmeden önce böyle güzel bir sahil görmemiştim.) Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 1992?
(1992 yılındaki seyahatinden önce hiç Amerika’ya gitmiş miydin?) Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before in 1988.
(Evet, 1998’den önce Amerika’da bulunmuştum.)
When I got home yesterday, my mother had already cooked the dinner. (Dün eve vardığımda, annem yemeği yapmıştı.)
By the time we got to the theatre, the play had already started. (Tiyatroya vardığımızda, oyun başlamıştı.)
I had read a lot about Scotland before I went there. (İskoçya’ya gitmeden önce hakkında çok şey okumuştum.)
My son had already learnt how to read by the time he started the primary school. (Oğlum ilkokula başladığında zaten okumayı öğrenmişti.)
| present perfect | past perfect |
| The bike is new. I’ve bought it. | The bike was new. I had bought it. |
Past perfect with AFTER BEFORE
After they had packed their rucksacks, they rode away on their bikes. After she had closed the door, she started to tell us the truth.
Susan turned on the radio after she had washed the dishes. She watched a video after the children had gone to bed.
After Eric had made breakfast he phoned his friend. Before he took a shower, he had run 2 kilometres.
WHEN+ simple past, past perfect
When his mother arrived, Paul had finished the game
When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul had already gone home. When I arrived home, Linda had left
When we got home last night, we found that somebody had broken into the flat. I hadn’t known the bad news when I spoke to him.